A two‐echelon inventory‐location problem with service considerations

We study the problem of designing a two‐echelon spare parts inventory system consisting of a central plant and a number of service centers each serving a set of customers with stochastic demand. Processing and storage capacities at both levels of facilities are limited. The manufacturing process is modeled as a queuing system at the plant. The goal is to optimize the base‐stock levels at both echelons, the location of service centers, and the allocation of customers to centers simultaneously, subject to service constraints. A mixed integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) is formulated to minimize the total expected cost of the system. The problem is NP‐hard and a Lagrangian heuristic is proposed. We present computational results and discuss the trade‐off between cost and service. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

To wait or not to wait: Optimal ordering under lead time uncertainty and forecast updating

There has been a dramatic increase over the past decade in the number of firms that source finished product from overseas. Although this has reduced procurement costs, it has increased supply risk; procurement lead times are longer and are often unreliable. In deciding when and how much to order, firms must consider the lead time risk and the demand risk, i.e., the accuracy of their demand forecast. To improve the accuracy of its demand forecast, a firm may update its forecast as the selling season approaches. In this article we consider both forecast updating and lead time uncertainty. We characterize the firm's optimal procurement policy, and we prove that, with multiplicative forecast revisions, the firm's optimal procurement time is independent of the demand forecast evolution but that the optimal procurement quantity is not. This leads to a number of important managerial insights into the firm's planning process. We show that the firm becomes less sensitive to lead time variability as the forecast updating process becomes more efficient. Interestingly, a forecast‐updating firm might procure earlier than a firm with no forecast updating. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

LaB6空心阴极中毒特性

LaB_6阴极与其他类型阴极相比具有电子发射电流密度大等优点,已广泛用于电推进、高发射密度电子枪等产品。为了研究LaB_6空心阴极中毒特性、识别LaB_6空心阴极主要失效模式,分别对LaB_6空心阴极暴露大气后性能变化特征和引起性能变化的原因进行了研究。结果表明:LaB_6空心阴极在暴露大气后表面吸附大量中毒气体,出现了发射体表面逸出功增加、发射体短期中毒现象。此时空心阴极的放电电压和阴极顶温度均有所上升,经过短期工作后放电电压和阴极顶温度均恢复初始状态。但LaB_6空心阴极严重中毒后,并不能通过加热和离子轰击方式去除表面生成的氧化物。因此,可以在实验过程中通过监测空心阴极的阴极顶温度和阳极电压变化间接表征空心阴极发射体状态。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测方法

针对高膛压坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测的难题,结合坦克实弹射击试验数据量少和非线性的特点,基于最小二乘支持向量机构建了坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测模型,给出了模型参数的选取方法,并以某型坦克炮射击试验为基础,对坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测模型进行了验证。结果表明:该模型预测坦克炮身管剩余寿命效果良好。     

基于灰色非线性回归模型的故障预测

为克服传统灰色模型的局限性,通过对一阶累加生成序列规律性的分析,将灰色模型和非线性回归模型相结合,构造了一种灰色非线性回归模型。实例仿真结果表明,该模型既拓展了传统灰色模型的适用条件,又比传统灰色模型和非线性回归模型具有更高的预测精度,且适用性广。     

一种基于蚁群算法的准动态防空武器分配算法

武器目标分配问题是一个典型的限制组合优化问题,旨在得到在整个防御阶段中针对目标函数的最优武器分配方案。分配算法主要分为静态和动态两大类。针对传统静态分配模型中存在的几点问题,提出了基于时间窗的准动态武器目标分配算法,该算法综合考虑拦截概率、拦截时间和武器耗费多个优化指标,并将该算法推广至多类防空武器的优化分配中。通过大量实验验证,该算法在性能、时间复杂度等方面均有较大优势,并且能较好地适应战场态势的变化,及时调整分配方案,具有很好的实用性。     

坚持理论创新是中国共产党永葆生机的源泉

创新是一个政党永葆生机的源泉.一部马克思主义理论发展史,就是一部理论创新史.中国共产党是一个善于进行理论思考和理论创新的政党 .80年来,我们党坚持把马克思主义的基本理论同中国的具体实际相结合,在继承中创新,在创新中发展,与时俱进,提出了一系列时代色彩鲜明的新的理论观点.     

Competition under time‐varying demands and dynamic lot sizing costs

We develop a competitive pricing model which combines the complexity of time‐varying demand and cost functions and that of scale economies arising from dynamic lot sizing costs. Each firm can replenish inventory in each of the T periods into which the planning horizon is partitioned. Fixed as well as variable procurement costs are incurred for each procurement order, along with inventory carrying costs. Each firm adopts, at the beginning of the planning horizon, a (single) price to be employed throughout the horizon. On the basis of each period's system of demand equations, these prices determine a time series of demands for each firm, which needs to service them with an optimal corresponding dynamic lot sizing plan. We establish the existence of a price equilibrium and associated optimal dynamic lotsizing plans, under mild conditions. We also design efficient procedures to compute the equilibrium prices and dynamic lotsizing plans.© 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

Optimal design of accelerated life testing plans for periodical replacement with penalty

Accelerated life testing (ALT), enhanced by optimal test plans, has been widely accepted in practice as a quick approach for estimating the reliability of a product. From the estimation result, preventive maintenance schedules can be determined to ensure the performance of the product under its normal operating conditions. By default, maintenance decision‐making is regarded as the last and least rewarding step. However, sometimes the maintenance schedules, such as preventive maintenance intervals, are predetermined due to customer concerns and/or by various mandatory regulations and rules. Under such circumstances, how to accurately estimate the expenditure (e.g., on maintenance or spare parts management) associated with these maintenance requirements becomes an important issue. A viable solution is to incorporate the maintenance requirements into ALT plans. This paper provides an approach for the optimal design of ALT plans oriented by a mandatory periodical replacement schedule subject to a discounted penalty. The objective is to improve the estimation accuracy of the economic impact of this maintenance requirement. A numerical experiment is provided to demonstrate the approach in practical use. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

TDS-OFDM雷达通信共享信号波形设计

在使用正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM)信号的雷达通信一体化系统中,循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix, CP)和导频的存在,使得共享信号在自相关运算中出现较高的副瓣电平,严重影响雷达检测性能。针对这个问题,提出一种新的基于时域同步OFDM(Time Domain Synchronization OFDM, TDS-OFDM)的共享信号形式,该信号利用训练序列填充保护间隔,同时完成同步与信道估计,从而避免了CP副瓣和导频副瓣的出现。首先分析TDS-OFDM共享信号的模糊函数,然后通过训练序列的优化设计,有效降低TDS-OFDM信号的距离峰值副瓣,同时保持训练序列自身良好的自相关性能。理论分析与仿真表明,相对于CP-OFDM,TDS-OFDM共享信号更加适用于雷达通信一体化系统。